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Clinical and sociodemographic data were compared between women who initiated contraception before discharge and those who did not by using a Cochran\u2010Armitage test and multiple logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 382 women were enrolled (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age, 29.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.4\u00a0years). Most women (287, 75.2%) had abortions, and 146 (38.2%) initiated contraception before hospital discharge. The most common contraceptives were injectables (75, 51.4%) followed by pills (65, 44.5%). Use of contraception increased during the study period (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>=3.69, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01), mostly due to injectables (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>=3.84, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01). Factors independently associated with contraceptive initiation were admission in 2019 (odds ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>], 2.65; 95% confidence interval [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>], 1.36\u20135.17) and not having an abortion for legal reasons (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 3.54; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.30\u20139.62).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Implementation of a surveillance network\u00a0optimized the health service and quality of care.<jats:bold>\u202f<\/jats:bold>There was an increase in contraception use and a vulnerable population was identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T11:58:31Z","timestamp":1587211111000},"page":"200-205","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Post\u2010abortion contraception before hospital discharge after installation of a surveillance network in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Nelio N.","family":"Veiga\u2010Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Campinas (UNICAMP) School of Medicine  Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila A.","family":"Cavalari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Campinas (UNICAMP) School of Medicine  Campinas SP 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