{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T09:22:16Z","timestamp":1766049736945,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1033514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1033514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011072","name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AI50410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AI50410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether angiogenic biomarker concentrations differ between women who deliver small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age (SGA) infants (&lt;10th centile birth weight for gestational age) compared with controls, because identifying SGA risk early could improve outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case\u2010control study compared serum concentrations of angiogenic biomarkers before 24\u00a0weeks of pregnancy from 62 women who delivered SGA infants (cases) and 62 control women from an urban Zambian cohort. Odds of delivering an SGA infant were calculated using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms\u2010like tyrosine kinase (sFLT\u20101) and soluble endoglin (sEng) in controls were 37.74\u00a0pg\/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 23.12\u201363.15), 2525.18\u00a0pg\/mL (IQR 1502.21\u20134265.54) and 2408.18\u00a0pg\/mL (IQR 1854.87\u20133017.94), respectively. SGA cases had higher PlGF (40.50\u00a0pg\/mL, IQR 22.81\u201367.94) and sFLT\u20101 (2613.06\u00a0pg\/mL, IQR 1720.58\u20133722.50), and lower sEng (2038.06\u00a0pg\/mL, IQR 1445.25\u20133372.26). Participants with sEng concentration below and concomitant sFLT\u20101 concentration above their respective thresholds (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a040) had five\u2010fold higher odds of SGA (adjusted odds ratio 4.77, 95% confidence interval 1.61\u201314.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biomarker concentrations were similar between cases and controls. Participants with concomitant low sEng and high sFLT\u20101\u00a0had the highest odds of SGA, suggesting that a combination of biomarkers may better for predicting SGA than single biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T19:02:52Z","timestamp":1628276572000},"page":"604-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of mid\u2010trimester maternal angiogenic biomarkers with small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age infants in an urban Zambian cohort: a nested case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Chileshe M.","family":"Mabula\u2010Bwalya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Global Projects Zambia  Lusaka Zambia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan 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