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Symptoms of anxiety, depression or stress were self\u2010reported at gestational week 30 and 6\u00a0months postpartum. Mode of delivery was categorized as spontaneous vaginal birth, instrumental vaginal birth, planned cesarean section and emergency cesarean section. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to compute differences and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between delivery mode and mental health indicators adjusted for mental health before and during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 54\u2009474 mothers, mental health indicators improved from pregnancy to 6\u00a0months postpartum for all delivery modes. Improvement was smallest in mothers with emergency cesarean section. Thus, compared to women with a spontaneous vaginal birth, women with emergency cesarean section more frequently reported symptoms of anxiety (OR 1.11; 0.98\u20131.24), depression (OR 1.25; 1.09\u20131.43) and stress (OR 1.14; 1.01\u20131.29) 6\u00a0months postpartum, and women with planned cesarean section more frequently reported symptoms of anxiety (OR 1.15; 1.01\u20131.29).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mental health improved from pregnancy to 6\u00a0months postpartum regardless of delivery mode. Mothers with emergency cesarean section experienced more symptoms of emotional distress 6\u00a0months postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T11:14:24Z","timestamp":1645787664000},"page":"457-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Mode of delivery and short\u2010term maternal mental health: A\u00a0follow\u2010up study in the Danish National Birth Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Stina Kruse","family":"Skov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"OPEN, Odense Patient data Explorative Network Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Hjorth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Kirkegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rn","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen\u00a0Aagaard","family":"Nohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31928-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31930-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03188.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.08.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536X.2002.00167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2005.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-012-2470-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2004.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2019.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00560"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0639-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000220549.14177.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948010290040201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5707.439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-70"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000172422.81496.57"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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