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Extreme heat can overwhelm thermoregulatory mechanisms in pregnant women, especially during labor, cause dehydration and endocrine dysfunction, and compromise placental function. Clinical sequelae include hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and stillbirth. High ambient temperatures increase rates of infections, and affect health worker performance and healthcare seeking. Rising temperatures with climate change and limited resources heighten concerns. We propose an adaptation framework containing four prongs. First, behavioral changes such as reducing workloads during pregnancy and using low\u2010cost water sprays. Second, health system interventions encompassing Early Warning Systems centered around existing community\u2010based outreach; heat\u2010health indicator tracking; water supplementation and monitoring for heat\u2010related conditions during labor. Building modifications, passive and active cooling systems, and nature\u2010based solutions can reduce temperatures in facilities. Lastly, structural interventions and climate financing are critical. The overall package of interventions, ideally selected following cost\u2010effectiveness and thermal modeling trade\u2010offs, needs to be co\u2010designed and co\u2010delivered with affected communities, and take advantage of existing maternal and child health platforms. Robust\u2010applied research will set the stage for programs across Africa that target pregnant women. Adequate research and climate financing are now urgent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T04:18:42Z","timestamp":1659154722000},"page":"421-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Increasing global temperatures threaten gains in maternal and newborn health in Africa: A review of impacts and an adaptation framework"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"160","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4320-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Chersich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (Wits RHI) Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Scorgie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (Wits RHI) Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Luchters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sexual Health and HIV\/AIDS Research (CeSHHAR)  Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Climate Change and Heat\u2010Health Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094672"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"IPCC.Climate Change 2022: Impacts Adaptation and Vulnerability. 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