{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:13:34Z","timestamp":1747149214240,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the feasibility of vagino\u2010hysteroscopy using alginate gel Interface (VAGI) with conventional vaginoscopic hysteroscopy (CVH).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty women undergoing diagnostic vagino\u2010hysteroscopy were randomly allocated into Group I (VAGI): Alginate occluder was used at introitus to facilitate hydrodistension during hysteroscopy; or Group II: Underwent no\u2010touch hysteroscopy. Primary outcome was feasibility, defined as successful visualization of uterine cavity. Secondary outcomes included operative time, hydrostatic pressures for optimum visualization, pain experienced by patient on visual analog scale, maneuverability and surgeon satisfaction. Data analysis was performed using \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and Fisher exact tests for qualitative variables and Student <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test for quantitative variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>VAGI was significantly better than CVH (80% vs. 33.3%; relative risk 8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.025). With VAGI, optimum visualization was achieved at significantly lower pressures at all levels (vagina, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.034; cervix, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.01; uterus, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001), in less time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.007), and using less irrigation fluid (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Surgeon satisfaction was significantly higher for VAGI (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.009). Subgroup analysis showed higher likelihood of success of VAGI in women who were premenopausal (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.015), younger than 45\u2009years (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.024), and had a history of vaginal birth (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>VAGI is quicker to perform and provides optimum visualization at much lower pressures than CVH. Use of alginate is patient friendly and yields higher surgeon satisfaction rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T14:12:29Z","timestamp":1675347149000},"page":"339-345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel technique of vagino\u2010hysteroscopy using alginate gel interface: A proof of concept study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-1121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanika","family":"Kalra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UCMS &amp;GTBH  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandhya","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UCMS &amp;GTBH  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Rajaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UCMS &amp;GTBH  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bindiya","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UCMS &amp;GTBH  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anshuja","family":"Singla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology UCMS &amp;GTBH  Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-3804(96)80140-X","article-title":"New era of office hysteroscopy","volume":"3","author":"Bettocchi S","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-021-01434-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Phillips' Science of Dental Materials","author":"Anusavice K","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2021.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2005.15.290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-020-01334-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10033-1455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg465"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2009.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgyn.2016.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh559"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"192","article-title":"Factors impacting the success of outpatient hysteroscopy in the rapid access clinic","volume":"4","author":"Soleymani Majd H","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale)"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.14709","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijgo.14709","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.14709","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T14:26:59Z","timestamp":1718980019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.14709"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.14709"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.14709","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0020-7292"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1879-3479"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}