{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:46:44Z","timestamp":1791586004003,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection is the most prevalent non\u2010viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) in women and has been suggested as a risk factor for developing cervical cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the associations between <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection and cervical carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in five databases on 21 October 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies assessing the relationship between <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection, HPV co\u2010infections, cervical dysplasia, and cervical cancer were found eligible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Summary estimates for pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random\u2010effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was measured with <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and Cochran's <jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic> tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 29 articles included 473\u2009740 women, of whom 8518 were <jats:italic>T. vaginalis\u2010<\/jats:italic>positive. Our results showed that <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected women had 1.79 times higher odds of being diagnosed with HPV co\u2010infection (95% CI 1.27\u20132.53; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 95%). We also found that <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with high\u2010grade squamous intraepithelial lesion diagnosis (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.10\u20134.95; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 75%) and cervical cancer (OR 5.23, 95% CI 3.03\u20139.04; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 3%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results showed an association between <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> and cervical carcinogenesis in sexually active women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T15:48:56Z","timestamp":1680536936000},"page":"31-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["<i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i> infection is associated with increased risk of cervical carcinogenesis: A systematic review and 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