{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:43:20Z","timestamp":1783334600456,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between events occurring during intrauterine development and later\u2010life predisposition to long\u2010term disease, has been described. The fetus responds to excess intrauterine exposure to high levels of corticosteroids, modifying their physiological development and stopping their growth. Fetal exposure to elevated levels of either endogenous (alterations in fetal hypothalamic\u2010pituitary\u2010adrenal axis) or synthetic corticosteroids, is one model of early\u2010life adversity; to developing adult disease. At the molecular level, there are transcriptional changes in metabolic and growth pathways. Epigenetic mechanisms participate in transgenerational inheritance, not genomic. Exposures that change 11\u03b2\u2010hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme methylation status in the placenta can result in transcriptional repression of the gene, causing the fetus to be exposed to higher levels of cortisol. More precise diagnosis and management of antenatal corticosteroids for preterm birth, would potentially decrease the risk of long\u2010term adverse outcomes. More studies are needed to understand the potential roles of factors to alter fetal corticosteroid exposure. Long\u2010term infant follow\u2010up is required to determine whether methylation changes in placenta may represent useful biomarkers of later disease risk. This review, summarize recent advances in the programming of fetal effects of corticosteroid exposure, the role of corticosteroids in epigenetic gene regulation of placental 11\u03b2\u2010hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme expression and transgenerational effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T11:39:18Z","timestamp":1686829158000},"page":"40-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Early life corticosteroid overexposure: Epigenetic and fetal origins of adult diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9787-8607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Brice\u00f1o\u2010P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Zulia  Maracaibo Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5045-0072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Brice\u00f1o\u2010Sanabria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Bayview Surgery Center  Sarasota Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Brice\u00f1o\u2010Sanabria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery and Plastic Surgery Amado and Maracaibo Clinics  Maracaibo Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Reyna\u2010Villasmil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Service Hospital Central \u201cDr. Urquinaona\u201d  Maracaibo Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2013-1012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399095"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0950115"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2019.152308"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31829939f7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.28703"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00984.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","volume-title":"Fetal lung maturation","author":"Brice\u00f1o\u2010P\u00e9rez C","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.114.173492"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.12.025"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation: world reality","volume":"79","author":"Brice\u00f1o\u2010P\u00e9rez C","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90208-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal lung maturation. August 2017","volume":"130","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion Number 713","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome. Green top guideline number 7","volume":"1","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2010","journal-title":"London: RCOG"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"3","author":"Roberts D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200003000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.105254"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.0483"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38576.494363.E0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","first-page":"678","article-title":"Long term effects of antenatal betamethasone on lung function: 30 year follow up of a randomize controlled trial","volume":"61","author":"Dalziel S","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym067"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids revisited: repeat courses. August 17\u201018, 2000","volume":"17","author":"National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.50.4.515"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211447"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.126.3270.405-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.082760db"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118514109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2022.2111755"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2012.763"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.14914","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T05:02:44Z","timestamp":1703912564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.14914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.14914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.14914","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7292","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-3479","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}