{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:16:23Z","timestamp":1780568183101,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007316","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCT03196180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT03196180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the feasibility (as measured by tolerability and safety) and efficacy of topical 5\u2010fluorouracil (5\u2010FU) and imiquimod for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2\/3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This pilot prospective study was conducted in women aged 18\u201345\u2009years with p16+ CIN 2\/3. Participants underwent an 8\u2010week alternating regimen of self\u2010applied 5% 5\u2010FU on weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7 and physician\u2010applied imiquimod on weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8. Adverse events (AEs) were collected by symptom diary and clinical exam. Feasibility was measured by tolerability and safety (AEs) of the study intervention. Tolerability was assessed as the number of participants able to apply 50% or more of the treatment doses. The safety outcome was calculated as the number of participants who experienced \u201cspecified AEs\u201d defined as possibly, probably, or definitely related grade 2 or worse AE or grade 1 genital AEs (blisters, ulcerations, or pustules) lasting more than 5\u2009days. The efficacy of the intervention was determined by histology and high\u2010risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing was done after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median age of the 13 participants was 27\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u2009years. Eleven (84.61%) participants applied 50% or more of the treatment. All participants reported grade 1 AEs; 6 (46.15%) reported grade 2 AEs; and 0 reported grade 3\/4 AEs. Three (23.08%) participants had specified AEs. Histologic regression to normal or CIN 1 among those completing 50% or more of the treatment doses was observed in 10 (90.91%) participants, and 7 (63.63%) tested negative for hr\u2010HPV at the end of the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Topical treatment for CIN 2\/3 with 5\u2010FU\/imiquimod is feasible, with preliminary evidence of efficacy. Topical therapies need further investigation as adjuncts or alternatives to surgical therapy for CIN 2\/3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T08:54:53Z","timestamp":1689065693000},"page":"862-867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Feasibility of 5\u2010fluorouracil and imiquimod for the topical treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (<scp>CIN<\/scp>) 2\/3"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Nerlyne","family":"Desravines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiu\u2010Hsieh","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona Cancer Center  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sopan","family":"Mohnot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stony Brook Medicine  Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikrant","family":"Sahasrabuddhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"House","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Sauter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie E.","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona Cancer Center  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010H. Sherry","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona Cancer Center  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4444-7969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Rahangdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Society AC.https:\/\/cancerstatisticscenter.cancer.org\/module\/BmVYeqHT. Published 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"ErvikMLF FerlayJ MeryL SoerjomataramI BrayF.Cancer today.International Agency for Research on Cancer;2016. 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