{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:20:29Z","timestamp":1791951629810,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the modifying effect of low socioeconomic status (SES) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women's pregnancy and neonatal complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective population\u2010based cohort study including all women with an ICD\u20109 diagnosis of PCOS in the US between 2004 and 2014, who delivered in the third trimester or had a maternal death. SES was defined according to the total annual family income quartile for the entire population studied. We compared women in the lowest income quartile (&lt;$39\u2009000 annually) to those in the higher income quartiles combined (\u2265$39\u2009000 annually). Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 9\u2009096\u2009788 women delivered between 2004 and 2014, of which 12\u2009322 had a PCOS diagnosis and evidence of SES classification. Of these, 2117 (17.2%) were in the lowest SES group, and 10\u2009205 (82.8%) were in the higher SES group. PCOS patients in the lowest SES group, compared to the higher SES group, were more likely to be younger, obese (body mass index \u226530\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), to have smoked tobacco during pregnancy, and to have chronic hypertension and pregestational diabetes mellitus (DM) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In a multivariate logistic regression, women in the lowest SES group, compared to the higher SES group, had increased odds of pregnancy\u2010induced hypertension (aOR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.12\u20131.46, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), pre\u2010eclampsia (aOR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.14\u20131.65, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and cesarean delivery (aOR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.34, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with other comparable pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In PCOS patients, low SES increases the risk for pregnancy\u2010induced hypertension, pre\u2010eclampsia and CD, highlighting the importance of diligent pregnancy follow\u2010up and pre\u2010eclampsia prevention in these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T08:05:31Z","timestamp":1697702731000},"page":"275-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The effect of socioeconomic status on adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome\u2014An evaluation of a population database"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7387-409X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa","family":"Hochberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"The Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4590-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Badeghiesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4763-6415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haitham","family":"Baghlaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayellet Tzur","family":"Tseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8121-7708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael H.","family":"Dahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-01899-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S70314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0314-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02473-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12939-017-0715-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"Income and Poverty in the United States: 2019","author":"Semega J","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10995-012-1134-4\/METRICS"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0B013E3282FCC36E"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJGO.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NPM-221169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"Low socioeconomic status as a risk factor for gestational diabetes. 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