{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:49:21Z","timestamp":1791838161057,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a high prevalence and incidence rate of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during pregnancy in adolescent girls and young women in Africa. The association between STIs and pregnancy outcomes in a hyperepidemic HIV setting has not been well described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pregnant women, HIV\u20101 negative and &lt;28\u2009weeks' gestation at three primary health clinics in KwaZulu\u2010Natal, South Africa were enrolled from February 2017 to March 2018. Vaginal swabs collected at the first and later antenatal visits were stored and retrospectively tested for\n                      <jats:italic>HSV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      at the end of the study. The association between STIs detected at first and later antenatal visits and pregnancy outcome was assessed using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for maternal age and treatment received for symptomatic STIs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Testing positive\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                      at the first antenatal visit was significantly associated with low birth weight (odds ratio [OR] 5.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10\u201315.98). Testing positive for\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      at the repeat visit was significantly associated with preterm births (OR 2.37; 95% CI: 1.11\u20135.03), low birth weight (OR 2.56; 1.16\u20135.63) and a composite adverse pregnancy outcome (OR 2.11; 95% CI: 1.09\u20134.08). Testing positive for\n                      <jats:italic>HSV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                      at the repeat visit was also likely associated with experiencing a preterm birth or any adverse pregnancy outcome (OR 3.39; 95% CI: 0.86\u201313.3) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.096).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among predominantly asymptomatic STIs,\n                      <jats:italic>M. genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                      detected at baseline visit was significantly associated with low birth weight, while\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      detected at the repeat visit in later pregnancy was significantly associated with preterm birth. Further research is warranted to study the impact of etiological testing of STIs at more than one antenatal visit and empirical treatment on pregnancy outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T10:16:40Z","timestamp":1712225800000},"page":"62-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"166","author":[{"given":"Vani","family":"Govender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine University of KwaZulu Natal  Durban South Africa"},{"name":"Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1849-9631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhayendre","family":"Moodley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine University of KwaZulu Natal  Durban South Africa"},{"name":"Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megeshinee","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Connoly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinaye","family":"Ngcapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)  Durban South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quarraisha","family":"Abdool\u00a0Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Adolescent pregnancy 2022. Accessed May 23 2023.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/adolescent\u2010pregnancy"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2022.v112i4.16327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-016-0170-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011783"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2022-055658"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16774"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2021-055352"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00457-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054653"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30045-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Department of Health South Africa.Sexually transmitted infections management guidelines 2018 adapted from: standard treatment guidelines and essential medicine list PHC. Accessed September 28 2022.https:\/\/www.health.gov.za\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/stiguidelines\u201027\u201008\u201019.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2021-055057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188645"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001569"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piac027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199707000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054631"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06400-y"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.15529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T03:01:14Z","timestamp":1719111674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.15529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.15529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.15529","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7292","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-3479","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}