{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:34:13Z","timestamp":1761921253800,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impaired fasting glucose is a prediabetic condition defined as glucose levels of 100\u2013125\u2009mg\/dL and is considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, this definition does not confer to pregnancy. The significance of first\u2010trimester fasting glucose and future progression to diabetes is not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the progression to type 2 diabetes according to first\u2010 trimester fasting plasma glucose levels, as compared with gestational diabetes, a well\u2010established risk factor for diabetes, in up to 5\u2010year follow\u2010up postpartum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of 69\u2009001 parturients, evaluating fasting plasma glucose levels measured during the first trimester. The primary outcome was the incidence of type 2 diabetes within 5\u2009years post\u2010delivery. Fasting plasma glucose levels were categorized in 10\u2009mg\/dL increments. Receiver operating characteristic\u2010area under the curve (ROC\u2010AUC) statistics and the Youden index were employed to identify the optimal fasting plasma glucose cutoff for progression to type 2 diabetes. Survival analysis was applied to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for type 2 diabetes progression with further stratification to maternal obesity status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The identified fasting plasma glucose cutoff for progression to type 2 diabetes was 86.5\u2009mg\/dL. This cut\u2010off demonstrated superior performance compared with gestational diabetes diagnosis. Stratification by maternal obesity revealed enhanced predictive capabilities for type 2 diabetes, particularly among patients without obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased first\u2010trimester fasting plasma glucose levels are associated with progression to type 2 diabetes, at least as gestational diabetes. For patients without obesity, first\u2010trimester fasting plasma glucose has a more pronounced impact on progression to diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T05:19:49Z","timestamp":1718169589000},"page":"728-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First\u2010trimester fasting plasma glucose levels and progression to type 2 diabetes: A 5\u2010year cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7698-2280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Maor\u2010Sagie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hillel Yaffe Medical Center  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010 Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Meuhedet HMO, Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mordechai","family":"Hallak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hillel Yaffe Medical Center  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010 Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Meuhedet HMO, Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilad","family":"Twig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research Sheba Medical Center  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoel","family":"Toledano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meuhedet HMO, Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-6314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rinat","family":"Gabbay\u2010Benziv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hillel Yaffe Medical Center  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion\u2010 Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci17-0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90349-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2010.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.8.1108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.1.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(23)00062-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-021-06107-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2214956"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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