{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:08:44Z","timestamp":1789668524745,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study describes the frequency of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in patients after instrumental delivery according to the type of forceps used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective comparative cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent instrumental delivery from January 2017 to April 2022. The primary outcome was the presence of OASIS following delivery. Patients were categorized into Cohort A if only rotation forceps were used, Cohort B for only traction forceps, and Cohort C if both types were used sequentially. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (IBM, New York, NY) with <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, Fisher's exact, and analysis of variance testing. A <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;0.05 was considered significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>OASIS occurred in 45 of 328 instrumental deliveries. OASIS after rotation forceps occurred in 12.9% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) of cases, after traction forceps in 13.2% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200934), and after sequential use of rotation and traction forceps in 37.5% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093) of cases (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.141). An odds ratio (OR) of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40\u20132.08) for OASIS was obtained with the use of rotation forceps, 0.81 (95% CI 0.38\u20131.70) for traction forceps, and 3.97 (95% CI 0.91\u201317.2) for the sequential use of rotation and traction forceps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant differences in the presence of OASIS comparing traction and rotation forceps. A non\u2010significant trend of higher OASIS following the sequential use of traction and rotation forceps was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T05:59:55Z","timestamp":1722319195000},"page":"191-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries according to the type of forceps used in the Mexican population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6940-7528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Agust\u00edn","family":"Zapata\u2010Caballero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynecology National Institute of Perinatology  Mexico City Mexico"},{"name":"Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto Rodolfo","family":"Rivera\u2010Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynecology National Institute of Perinatology  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Ignacio","family":"Cevallos\u2010Bustillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynecology National Institute of Perinatology  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Granados\u2010Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynecology National Institute of Perinatology  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viridiana","family":"Gorbea\u2010Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynecology National Institute of Perinatology  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30081-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2019-0433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2020.06.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2013.813917"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7451.1302"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"693","article-title":"Teaching the Laufe\u2010Piper forceps technique","volume":"47","author":"Berman M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-503-5_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14742"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05145-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-017-3422-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2019.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","article-title":"Forceps, actual use, and potential cesarean section prevention: study in a selected Mexican population","volume":"24","author":"Ayala\u2010Y\u00e1\u00f1ez R","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pregnancy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2023.102325"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14553"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2022069"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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