{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:21:15Z","timestamp":1790612475988,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2700602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2700602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the correlation between antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and pregnancy loss (PL), and to observe its impact on the pregnancy outcomes of in\u00a0vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection\u2010embryo transfer (IVF\/ICSI\u2010ET) in recurrent PL (RPL) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, patients first seen at the hospital between January 2016 and December 2022 and who underwent two ANA tests within 4\u20136\u2009weeks were included. After exclusion of confounding factors, patients were allocated to the non\u2010pregnancy loss (non\u2010PL), single\u2010PL, or RPL group according to previous number of PLs, and the correlation between PL and ANAs was analyzed. The first embryo transfer (ET) after in\u00a0vitro IVF\/ICSI without immunological treatment was placed in the RPL group, and patients were classified into the ANA\u2010negative or ANA\u2010positive subgroup according to ANA titer. The effect of ANAs on pregnancy outcomes in the RPL patients after IVF\/ICSI\u2010ET was further analyze.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of multivariate unordered logistic regression showed that when the non\u2010PL group was used as the reference, ANA positivity was an independent risk factor for RPL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.023) but not for single PL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.654). When the single\u2010PL group was used as the reference, ANA positivity was an independent risk factor for RPL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the early PL rate of the ANA\u2010positive subgroup was significantly higher than that of the ANA\u2010negative subgroup (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), and the total PL rate of the ANA\u2010positive subgroup was significantly higher than that of the ANA\u2010negative subgroup (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that ANA positivity may be related to RPL occurrence, but there was no significant correlation between ANA positivity and single PL. ANA positivity is associated with PL occurrence in RPL patients after transfer, and the correlation is reflected mainly in the first trimester.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.16183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T13:33:56Z","timestamp":1738244036000},"page":"352-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The correlation between <scp>ANAs<\/scp> and pregnancy loss and their impact on <scp>IVF<\/scp>\/<scp>ICSI<\/scp>\u2010<scp>ET<\/scp> pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0128-1148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manman","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hebo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingnan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaozhao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichun","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69204-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19900706"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoy004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17515"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"1082","article-title":"Consensus of Chinese experts on diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous abortion (2020 edition)","volume":"36","author":"Compilation Group of Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Abortion","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Pract Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1576600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2021.103423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: diagnostic workup after two or three pregnancy losses? 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