{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:29:33Z","timestamp":1766068173871,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the burden of vitamin D deficiency in female patients attending a fertility clinic in a tertiary referral center, assess temporal trends\u2014including the potential impact of COVID\u201019 lockdowns\u2014and explore socioeconomic disparities in vitamin D levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed vitamin D measurements from 765 female patients (mean age 35.7\u2009\u00b1\u20095.8\u2009years) attending a fertility clinic between March 2010 and May 2022. Vitamin D status was categorized as deficient (&lt;30\u2009nmol\/L), insufficient (30\u201350\u2009nmol\/L), or normal (&gt;50\u2009nmol\/L). Comparative analyses examined pre\u2010 and post\u2010COVID periods and healthcare funding status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 39.9% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009305) of patients exhibited suboptimal vitamin D levels, with 8.8% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200967) deficient and 31.1% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009238) insufficient. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 62.8\u2009\u00b1\u200927.4\u2009nmol\/L. No statistically significant difference was observed between pre\u2010COVID (44.2% suboptimal) and post\u2010COVID (38.1% suboptimal) periods (OR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.57\u20131.06, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.110). However, marked seasonal variation was identified, with winter values significantly lower than summer values (45.3\u2009\u00b1\u200924.6 vs. 72.1\u2009\u00b1\u200928.3\u2009nmol\/L, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Furthermore, state\u2010funded patients had a significantly higher rate of suboptimal vitamin D status (50.2%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009107) compared to self\u2010funded patients (35.9%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009198, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D levels in a subfertility population, with significant seasonal fluctuations and notable socioeconomic disparities. Despite initial concerns, COVID\u201019 lockdown measures did not appear to adversely affect overall vitamin D status. These results support the incorporation of routine vitamin D screening in infertility evaluations and the implementation of targeted supplementation, particularly in economically vulnerable groups and during winter months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T17:14:14Z","timestamp":1744046054000},"page":"1199-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vitamin D deficiency in a subfertility population and the impact of <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 lockdowns"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7228-4100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Windrim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9523-4840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Royal College of Surgeons Ireland Unit Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grainne","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3094-4892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Mocanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Royal College of Surgeons Ireland Unit Rotunda Hospital  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.0302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-023-01068-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030533"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CCA.2015.12.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"240","article-title":"Prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status during pregnancy","volume":"101","author":"O'Riordan MN","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ir Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2011.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-021-02361-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckab004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-020-01092-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/27342885"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494819896878"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.70124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:30:18Z","timestamp":1757082618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.70124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.70124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.70124","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0020-7292"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1879-3479"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}