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While its precise cause remains unknown, studies indicate a role for hormonal, genetic, and molecular influences in disease progression. Advances in imaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), have enhanced diagnostic precision by differentiating LPD from malignancies, while immunohistochemical markers like smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, and estrogen\/progesterone receptors (ER\/PR) offer valuable pathologic insights. Management strategies include hormonal therapy (e.g., gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone [GnRH] agonists) and surgical intervention, with treatment plans tailored to disease severity and patient\u2010specific factors. Emerging research suggests the potential role of targeted molecular therapies in managing refractory cases. Despite these advances, LPD remains a complex condition, and further research is needed to clarify its pathogenesis, identify reliable biomarkers, and establish standardized treatment protocols. This review synthesizes current knowledge on LPD to enhance clinical awareness and guide future research on its pathogenesis, biomarkers, and treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T01:05:06Z","timestamp":1744506306000},"page":"1014-1023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Advances in the understanding and management of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3213-3304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyue","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4666-8957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi, Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9378(16)38757-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata; an unusual complication of genital leiomyomata","volume":"25","author":"Taubert HD","year":"1965","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.03.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896919880962"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000549"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2023-004409"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Malignant leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata","volume":"68","author":"Rubin SC","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)91205-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90130-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1996.0138"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(98)00255-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.09.007"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","first-page":"702","article-title":"Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata with malignant degeneration. 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