{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:11:40Z","timestamp":1793725900354,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the potential benefit of adding radiotherapy to adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early\u2010stage small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (SCNEC) (tumor size \u22644\u2009cm) after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for patients with early\u2010stage SCNEC who received primary surgery and at least adjuvant chemotherapy from 1988 to 2018. Eligible patients were categorized into radiation and nonradiation group, survival outcomes were compared before and after propensity scoring matching (PSM). Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors in the nonradiation group. Accordingly, a scoring system was constructed to select patients who might benefit from the addition of radiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No statistically significant difference in overall survival was observed between the two groups whether before or after PSM (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, the nonradiation group exhibited better survival outcomes than the radiation group for patients aged \u226450\u2009years (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035) and patients receiving modified\/radical hysterectomy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031). Conversely, patients with stage T2a1 disease obtained greater benefit from radiation compared with nonradiation (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016). A scoring system incorporating T stage, tumor size, and number of lymph nodes examined during surgery was developed to stratify patients into low\u2010risk (total points \u226427.9) and high\u2010risk (total points &gt;27.9) groups. Notably, patients in the high\u2010risk group had improved outcomes with the addition of radiotherapy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0052).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The addition of radiation to adjuvant chemotherapy did not confer a survival benefit for every patient with early\u2010stage SCNEC, except for those with stage T2a1 disease. Moreover, a scoring system was developed to preliminarily identify patients who might benefit from the addition of radiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T10:19:31Z","timestamp":1746613171000},"page":"362-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Does the addition of radiation to adjuvant chemotherapy improve the survival for early\u2010stage (tumor size \u22644\u2009cm) small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix after surgery? A population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Xi\u2010Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Fang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu\u2010Quan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2016.12.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"34","article-title":"Terminology of endocrine tumors of the uterine cervix: results of a workshop sponsored by the College of American Pathologists and the National Cancer Institute","volume":"121","author":"Albores\u2010Saavedra J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2019-000504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.04.011"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Surgically treated, early\u2010stage neuroendocrine small\u2010cell cervical carcinoma","volume":"71","author":"Sheets EE","year":"1988","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"NCCN.The NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology\u2014cervical cancer (version 1.2023).2022https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/guidelines\/guidelines\u2010detail?category=1&id=1426"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdm465"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2016.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2017.10.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0713"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00671.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000367920"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00185-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2015.03.015"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"259","article-title":"Prognostic factors and treatment comparison in small cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma","volume":"35","author":"Yin ZM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2019-001131"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.8.1606"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70155-X"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"4595","article-title":"Preferred method of therapy for patients with early\u2010stage high\u2010grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix","volume":"11","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2466667"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.70192","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijgo.70192","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.70192","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T11:59:58Z","timestamp":1772971198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.70192"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.70192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.70192","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7292","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-3479","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}