{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:27:00Z","timestamp":1791214020246,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515010343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515010343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cesarean section is considered as a potential risk factor for early childhood (0\u20136\u2009years) overweight\/obesity; however, the precise magnitude of this risk remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the risk of early childhood overweight\/obesity in children delivered by cesarean section through a systematic review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched using a combination of relevant terms for cesarean section, overweight\/obesity and children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort studies on cesarean section deliveries in children under 6\u2009years of age and overweight\/obesity were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale. Meta\u2010analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled rates and relative risks (RR) of overweight\/obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty cohort studies were included. Cesarean section delivery was associated with significantly increased risks of early childhood overweight\/obesity (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13\u20131.24), overweight (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04\u20131.19), and obesity (RR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12\u20131.34) compared to vaginal delivery. Subgroup analyses showed low heterogeneity among all subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study suggests that children delivered by cesarean section may have an increased risk of developing overweight\/obesity during early childhood compared to those delivered vaginally. These findings highlight the potential impact of delivery mode on the long\u2010term health outcomes of children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T08:27:27Z","timestamp":1750062447000},"page":"1092-1103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk of early childhood overweight\/obesity following cesarean section: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Chuhui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong 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