{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T08:14:15Z","timestamp":1771316055669,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate whether the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG\u2010IUD) is associated with an increased need for medically assisted reproductive (MAR) treatment compared to other contraceptive methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This register\u2010based historical cohort study included 733\u2009875 Danish women aged 18\u201342\u2009years between 2000 and 2018. The primary outcome was initiation of MAR treatment in the public healthcare sector. The exposure was categorized as the use of either LNG\u2010IUD, copper (Cu)\u2010IUD, progesterone\u2010only pills (POPs) or combined oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) during the study period. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the risk of initiation of MAR treatment after LNG\u2010IUD use relative to other contraceptive methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adjusted analysis revealed that POPs and OCPs were associated with increased hazards of MAR treatment relative to LNG\u2010IUD with hazard ratios (HR) of 2.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.81\u20134.68,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001) and 6.58 (95% CI: 4.32\u201310.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001), respectively, while no difference was observed for Cu\u2010IUD relative to LNG\u2010IUD (HR 1.17, 95% CI: 0.61\u20132.25,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.644).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of LNG\u2010IUD was not associated with an increased need to undergo MAR treatment compared to Cu\u2010IUD, POPs and OCPs. However, due to limitations of the current study more research is needed in order to determine whether the use of LNG\u2010IUD has a negative effect on female fertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T10:23:58Z","timestamp":1752229438000},"page":"305-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between levonorgestrel intrauterine devices and female fertility compared to other contraceptive methods: A historical cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2799-2855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mette Peters","family":"Michaelsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura C\u00e6cilie","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regitze Gyldenholm","family":"Skals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Data and Biostatistics Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Lundbye\u2010Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Data and Biostatistics Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrik Schi\u00f8ler","family":"Kesmodel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"The Fertility Unit Aalborg University Hospital  Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2019.1702158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-019-01624-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-021-01410-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2019.1581163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40834-018-0064-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.74152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J013v44n04_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10040734"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S91125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0356-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810394715"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"798","article-title":"Data resource profile: the Danish National Prescription Registry","volume":"46","author":"Potteg\u00e5rd A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2016.07.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"Apotekernes salg af l\u00e6gemidler: Esundhed.dk. 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