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Patients enrolled were assigned into two groups: the routine screening group (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009882) and the non\u2010routine screening group (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009838). Every patient in the routine screening group underwent routine CE screening during hysteroscopy while patients in the non\u2010routine screening group underwent CE screening when suspicious CE manifestations were observed under hysteroscopy. Clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates were compared between groups. Pregnancy outcomes were also compared between CE (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009630) and non\u2010CE (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009755).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The routine screening group had 395 clinical pregnancies (44.8%) and 356 live births (40.4%), while the non\u2010routine screening group had 375 clinical pregnancies (44.7%) and 325 live births (38.8%). Single\u2010factor regression analysis showed no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy (0.99 [0.83\u20131.0],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.988) and live birth (0.96 [0.78\u20131.17],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.647) between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis yielded similar results for clinical pregnancy (1.07 [0.88\u20131.30],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.503) and live birth (0.97 [0.94\u20131.00],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.228) between the groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is recommended to conduct CE screening only when suspicious CE manifestations were observed under hysteroscopy in infertile patients first receiving IVF\/ICSI treatment and to administer standardized antibiotic treatment when pathological immunohistochemical staining indicates a positive result.<\/jats:p>\n                  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