{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T15:30:59Z","timestamp":1763825459229,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a leading cause of maternal mortality globally, disproportionately affects women in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (LMICs), highlighting the deep\u2010rooted gender related inequities in healthcare access, quality, and outcomes. Despite being largely preventable and treatable, PPH continues to claim the lives of thousands of women annually, because of systemic failures, including inadequate maternal health infrastructure, under\u2010resourced healthcare systems, and sociocultural norms that devalue women's health. Gender inequity is manifested in delayed care\u2010seeking, a lack of decision\u2010making autonomy, limited access to skilled birth attendants, and emergency obstetric care. Moreover, implicit biases and structural discrimination often limit investment in women\u2010centered health interventions. This issue is compounded by socioeconomic disparities, educational gaps, and the underrepresentation of women's health priorities in policy and research agendas. Addressing PPH through a gender\u2010equity lens is imperative to improve maternal health outcomes and achieve global health equity. This paper underscores the urgent need for integrated, gender\u2010sensitive public health strategies to mitigate the burden of PPH and protect the rights and lives of women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T06:53:56Z","timestamp":1758783236000},"page":"965-969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gender inequity in postpartum hemorrhage: A public health issue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"Anne\u2010Beatrice","family":"Kihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Oguttu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kisumu Medical and Education Trust  Kisumu Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmet Metin","family":"G\u00fclmezoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Concept Foundation  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albaro Jose","family":"Nieto\u2010Calvache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ginecolog\u00eda y Obstetricia Fundaci\u00f3n Valle del Lili  Cali Colombia"},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad ICESI  Cali Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akaninyene Eseme","family":"Ubom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatology Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex  Ile\u2010Ife Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cherrie","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helping Mothers Survive, Technical Leadership and Innovations, Jhpiego  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Ramasauskaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Faculty of Vilnius University  Vilnius Lithuania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zechariah J.","family":"Malel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Juba  Juba South Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Schlembach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinicum Vivantes Neuk\u00f6lln  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gaia\/Espinho Local Health Unit  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS\u2014Center for Health Technology and Services Research University of Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Aveiro  Aveiro Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Jacobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Health Care Region Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jolly","family":"Beyeza\u2010Kashesya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mulago Specialised Women and Neonatal Hospital  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferdousi","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Institute of Woman and Child Health  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"University College Hospital, University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the FIGO Committee on Childbirth and Postpartum Hemorrhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"WHO World Health Statistics 2012. Geneva: WHO; 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70227-X"},{"volume-title":"A Roadmap to Combat Postpartum Hemorrhage between 2023 and 2030","year":"2023","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v5i1.471"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/4065415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-606"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"United Nations.The Millennium Development Goals Report 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"UNFPA.The social determinants of maternal deaths and disability; 2012.www.unfpa.org"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03592-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221122618"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-06078-3"},{"volume-title":"Maternal Mortality Fact Sheet","year":"2010","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03389-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"NdungeA NgoyeB MuthumaE et\u00a0al.Women in healthcare leadership: advancing women's leadership in the Kenyan health sector through organizational and systems change efforts. Nairobi; 2024.https:\/\/khf.co.ke\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Women\u2010in\u2010Health\u2010Leadership\u2010Report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization Global Health Workforce Network and Women in Global Health.Delivered by women led by men: A gender and equity analysis of the global health and social workforce. Geneva: WHO; 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"World Economic Forum.The Global Gender Gap Report. Geneva: World Economic Forum; 2018.http:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_GGGR_2018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","unstructured":"Camber Collective.The Women's health innovation opportunity map; 2023.https:\/\/cambercollective.com\/2024\/02\/24\/impact\u2010ge\/"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.70526","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T15:29:09Z","timestamp":1763825349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.70526"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.70526"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.70526","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0020-7292"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1879-3479"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}