{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:50:07Z","timestamp":1792615807711,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) affects over 230 million women and girls in more than 90 countries. Despite global condemnation and recognition of FGM as a violation of fundamental human rights, the practice persists, alongside an alarming rise of medicalization \u2013 with over 52 million procedures now performed by healthcare professionals. FGM causes severe short\u2010 and long\u2010term consequences, including obstetric complications, chronic pain, infertility, sexual dysfunction, and significant mental health burdens. Ending FGM is a medical responsibility and a moral imperative. FIGO unequivocally condemns all forms of FGM, including medicalization, and calls for unified global action. FIGO urges its member societies and healthcare providers to strengthen capacity\u2010building, enforce ethical guidelines, raise community awareness, provide reconstructive care and mental health care, and advance research in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.70544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T10:20:24Z","timestamp":1758968424000},"page":"924-927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ending female genital mutilation: A global call to action from\n                    <scp>FIGO<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"171","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0813-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aparna","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"En\u2010Nosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gynaecology and Obstetrics University Hospital Giessen and Marburg  Marburg Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Nabhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1903-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Diego","family":"Villegas\u2010Echeverri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGIA Unidad de Laparoscopia Ginecol\u00f3gica Avanzada y Dolor P\u00e9lvico  Pereira Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"UNICEF.What is female genital mutilation? 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Accessed September 1 2025.https:\/\/equalitynow.org\/news\/press\u2010releases\/new\u2010report\u2010finds\u2010female\u2010genital\u2010mutilation\u2010cutting\u2010in\u201094\u2010countries"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Building Bridges to End FGM.International and regional legal frameworks on FGM. Accessed September 1 2025.https:\/\/copfgm.org\/international\u2010and\u2010regional\u2010legal\u2010frameworks\u2010on\u2010fgm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.14922052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"United Nations.International Day of zero tolerance for female genital mutilation. Accessed September 1 2025.www.un.org\/en\/observances\/female\u2010genital\u2010mutilation\u2010day"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHO guideline on the prevention of female genital mutilation and clinical management of complications. Accessed September 1 2025.https:\/\/pmnch.who.int\/docs\/librariesprovider9\/meeting\u2010reports\/who\u2010guideline\u2010on\u2010the\u2010prevention\u2010of\u2010female\u2010genital\u2010mutilation\u2010and\u2010clinical\u2010management\u2010of\u2010complications.pdf?sfvrsn=16f36899_1&download=true"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.New study highlights multiple long\u2010term health complications from female genital mutilation. Accessed September 1 2025.www.who.int\/news\/item\/14\u201004\u20102025\u2010new\u2010study\u2010highlights\u2010multiple\u2010long\u2010term\u2010health\u2010complications\u2010from\u2010female\u2010genital\u2010mutilation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.FIGO Resolution on Female Genital Mutilation. 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Accessed September 1 2025.www.fgmcri.org"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijgo.70544","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T15:30:05Z","timestamp":1763825405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijgo.70544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijgo.70544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.70544","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7292","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-3479","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}