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Secondarily, to determine the safety of IVR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search Strategy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review with meta\u2010analysis was conducted, after searching in PubMed\/Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete and PEDro from database inception to September 2025 with no language or publication date restrictions set.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection Criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inclusion criteria were based on the PICOS framework: Population (patients undergoing gynecologic procedures), Intervention (IVR), Comparison (standard care or other therapeutic approaches), Outcomes (pain, anxiety and adverse events) and Study design (randomized controlled trials [RCTs]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pooled effects were calculated using Cohen's standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in a random\u2010effects model. Potential adverse events during IVR exposure were also compiled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 25 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comprising data from 2438 women (mean age 35.3\u2009\u00b1\u200912.6\u2009years), were included. Intraprocedural outcomes indicated that IVR significantly decreased both pain (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.46, 95% CI: \u22120.71 to \u22120.21,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and anxiety (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.33, 95% CI: \u22120.63 to \u22120.03,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031). Post\u2010procedurally, IVR yielded further reductions in pain (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.81, 95% CI: \u22121.12 to \u22120.5,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and anxiety (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.76, 95% CI: \u22121.22 to \u22120.3,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Reported adverse events were minor and infrequent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis suggests that IVR serves as a highly effective and safe non\u2010pharmacological adjunct for mitigating peri\u2010 and post\u2010procedural pain and anxiety in gynecologic settings. Translating these findings into clinical practice could substantially enhance patient care and overall experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:bold>PROSPERO<\/jats:bold>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      Registration\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD420251000835<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.71095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T13:26:12Z","timestamp":1779715572000},"page":"565-583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of immersive virtual reality\u2010based interventions for alleviating peri\u2010 and post\u2010procedural pain and anxiety in gynecologic 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