{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:38:35Z","timestamp":1792481915179,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp;amp; Obste"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical students undergo professional socialization during clinical rotations, which shapes their perceptions and responses to patient care. Obstetric and gender\u2010based violence are pervasive issues in obstetrics and gynecology, where hierarchical dynamics may normalize unethical practices. Our study aimed to explore the perceptions, observations, learning experiences, and beliefs of students regarding gender\u2010based and obstetric violence during their obstetrics and gynecology rotation in Mexico.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a mixed\u2010methods design, incorporating a pre\u2010 and post\u2010rotation questionnaire with Likert\u2010scale and open\u2010ended questions. Our questionnaire assessed perceptions of respectful treatment, violence, self\u2010competence, and emotional reactions. We applied the Wilcoxon test to evaluate statistical differences, and qualitative responses underwent open coding for thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 100 students who completed both timepoints, familiarity with obstetric violence increased from 93% to 100%. Reports of encountering patients affected by violence rose significantly (24% to 85%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Students observed increased instances of psychological abuse, medical malpractice, and violations of bioethical principles. Self\u2010confidence in managing victims of sexual violence improved (1.85 vs. 3.09,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but students consistently reported sadness and anger when witnessing abuse. Perceptions of respectful treatment by healthcare staff, particularly nursing personnel, decreased significantly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The obstetrics and gynecology rotation significantly heightened the medical students' awareness of obstetric and gender\u2010based violence, improved self\u2010competence in managing affected patients, and revealed persistent emotional distress. Findings highlight the need for improved medical education emphasizing ethical role modeling, emotional support, and strategies to address the persistence of violent and unethical practices in clinical environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.71425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:41:26Z","timestamp":1792478486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenging gender\u2010based &amp; obstetric violence: Medical students' evolving perspectives in\n                    <scp>OBGYN<\/scp>\n                    care"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7067-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Angel","family":"Romero\u2010Padr\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9906-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Felipe","family":"Herrera\u2010Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Monterrey Nuevo Leon Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2396-6118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ximena Cors","family":"Cepeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Monterrey Nuevo Leon Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0875-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Sabor\u00edo","family":"Velasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Monterrey Nuevo Leon Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5374-866X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"del Pilar Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Amarante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences  Monterrey Nuevo Leon Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51920"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000544"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-021-02679-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/virtualmentor.2015.17.2.msoc1-1502"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39503.757847.BE"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333393617730208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_272_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6118\/jmm.2015.21.3.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-7292(97)02863-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2022.07.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfcle.2023.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fea2.12137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","first-page":"572","volume-title":"Essays in Medical Sociology: Journeys into the Field","author":"Fox RC","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2007.023457"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03393-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2016.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31822c999a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-023-01025-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-059837"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.29.4.e9","article-title":"From detached concern to empathy: humanising medical practice","volume":"29","author":"Bullock SC","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"310","article-title":"The feeling physician: educating the emotions in medical","volume":"1","author":"Shapiro J","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pers Cent Healthc"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_644_21"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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