{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:16:23Z","timestamp":1780398983812,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While spatial autoregressive (SAR) models are increasingly used in population\u2010level psychological studies, researchers often overlook the crucial step of parsing effects into direct, indirect and total impacts, a standard practice in spatial econometrics. In this paper, we demonstrate the necessity of this practice by re\u2010analyzing Gruda et al.'s (2024) U.S. Dark\u2010Triad and health dataset with heteroskedasticity\u2010robust SAR models and full impact decomposition, revealing significant changes. The previously observed direct protective effect of state\u2010level narcissism on hypertension mortality disappeared when accounting for interstate spillovers. Conversely, the association with lower cancer prevalence and depression strengthened. Several health\u2010behaviour findings reversed direction, indicating na\u00efve regressions conflated within\u2010 and between\u2010state effects. Machiavellianism and psychopathy coefficients also shifted. These results demonstrate that spatial spillovers can dilute, negate or reverse local effects, cautioning against policy inferences based solely on direct estimates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijop.70152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T15:38:52Z","timestamp":1766417932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decomposing Spatial Effects of State\u2010Level Health Outcomes: A Methodological Demonstration and Re\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8315-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dritjon","family":"Gruda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Cat\u00f3lica Porto Business School, Research Centre in Economics and Management  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"School of Business, Maynooth University  Maynooth Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8716-7644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Hanges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Maryland  College Park Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim A.","family":"McCleskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Governors University  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Houston Community College  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40340-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2025.108302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","article-title":"Mirror, Mirror on the Wall, Who's the Healthiest of Them All: The Surprising Role of Narcissism in State\u2010Level Health Outcomes","volume":"105","author":"Gruda D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420064254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.87.3.400"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijop.70152","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijop.70152","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijop.70152","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T10:38:42Z","timestamp":1780396722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijop.70152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijop.70152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijop.70152","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7594","1464-066X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7594","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-066X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70152"}}