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Using structural equation modelling (SEM), it explores relationships among social anxiety, loneliness, solo dining intentions and dependency orientation as a moderator. Because solo dining may reflect both voluntary solitude and avoidance\u2010based solitude, the present model primarily tests the avoidance\u2010linked pathway associated with social anxiety and loneliness. Findings show that loneliness is significantly associated with solo dining behaviour, especially among individuals with high dependency, but less so among those with lower dependency scores. Accordingly, solo dining is treated here as a broad behavioural tendency with mixed motives rather than as a purely therapeutic exposure exercise. 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