{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:12:46Z","timestamp":1747149166763,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJU Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sperm immobility is a condition in which sperm are viable but not motile. We reported three patients with sperm immobility, who underwent testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In case 1, a 32\u2010year\u2010old patient with sperm immobility had previously undergone intracytoplasmic sperm injection with ejaculated sperm; however, pregnancy was unsuccessful. testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed at our clinic, and pregnancy was achieved. In case 2, a 23\u2010year\u2010old patient with clinical varicocele whose semen analysis revealed sperm immobility underwent varicocelectomy, without improvement. Using the hypo\u2010osmotic swelling test technique, testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed; however, pregnancy was not achieved. In case 3, a 44\u2010year\u2010old patient with sperm immobility underwent testicular sperm extraction, and motile sperm were retrieved. testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection using these sperm resulted in pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection is not considered a solution in patients with sperm immobility, pregnancies were achieved. testicular sperm extraction\u2010intracytoplasmic sperm injection may be successful in some cases in which ejaculated sperm intracytoplasmic sperm injection is unsuitable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iju5.12702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T07:19:20Z","timestamp":1707549560000},"page":"210-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three cases of sperm immobility for intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular sperm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Noboru","family":"Mimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2733-5487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teppei","family":"Takeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jurii","family":"Karibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0909-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Yumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Reproduction Center Yokohama City University Medical Center  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Kartagener's syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Dhar DK","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med. 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