{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:07:14Z","timestamp":1789452434834,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJU Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper tract urothelial carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (UC\u2010NE) is extremely rare and generally associated with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Optimal treatment strategies remain unclear, particularly regarding the role of nectin\u20104\u2013targeted therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 61\u2010year\u2010old man was diagnosed with UC\u2010NE of the renal pelvis. Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy revealed invasive UC\u2010NE with lymphatic invasion (pT1, G2) and carcinoma in\u00a0situ of the ureter (pTis, G1). Immunohistochemistry showed strong nectin\u20104 expression in the urothelial component but only weak to moderate expression in the neuroendocrine component. Ten months after surgery, para\u2010aortic and bilateral pelvic lymph node recurrence developed. Treatment with enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab achieved a complete response after 3 cycles, and remission was maintained with continued therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case suggests that EV plus pembrolizumab may be effective for UC\u2010NE and highlights the importance of evaluating nectin\u20104 and the tumor immune microenvironment when considering treatment strategies for this rare subtype.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/iju5.70149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T04:45:40Z","timestamp":1771562740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Case of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Differentiation Successfully Treated With Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0890-6598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kosei","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamoru","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahito","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saizo","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio De","family":"Velasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Maenishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Minami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6774-7497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-22-457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-21-185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.09.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078\u20100432.CCR\u201020\u20104175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000938"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Pivotal Trial of Enfortumab Vedotin Plus Pembrolizumab for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma","volume":"389","author":"Rosenberg J. 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