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Parent\u2013toddler dyads were videotaped during quiet indoor play when the toddlers were 19 and 24 months old. The observations were coded with Biringen, Robinson, and Emde's (1998) Emotional Availability scales (3rd ed.), which yields scores for parent sensitivity, structuring, nonintrusiveness, and nonhostility, and for child responsiveness to and involvement of the parent. Analyses of mean differences revealed a consistent pattern of larger parent than child gender differences. Dyadic analyses revealed more complex results. Mother\u2013daughter dyads displayed the highest scores, followed by mother\u2013son, then father\u2013daughter, and finally father\u2013son dyads for all variables but hostility, which by 24 months was higher in same\u2010sex than in opposite\u2010sex dyads. Scores for father\u2013son dyads more often fell below the scale point indicating \u201cgood enough\u201d parenting than scores for other dyads. The inclusion of fathers in the sample extends previous findings both by eliciting an increased range of variation within child gender and by providing a first look at the emotional availability of fathers relative to that of mothers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.20056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]],"date-time":"2005-07-14T16:20:03Z","timestamp":1121358003000},"page":"327-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Gender and patterns of emotional availability in mother\u2013toddler and father\u2013toddler dyads"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gretchen S.","family":"Lovas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation","author":"Ainsworth M.S.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9450.00302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.35.3.811","article-title":"Emotional availability and attachment representations in kibbutz infants and their mothers","volume":"35","author":"Aviezer O.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.2.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Men's transitions to parenthood: Longitudinal studies of early family experience","author":"Belsky J.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730050085554"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Emotional availability and emotional communication in naturalistic mother\u2013infant interactions: Evidence for gender relations","volume":"14","author":"Biringen Z.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Social Behavior & Personality"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0079238"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0079487"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Biringen Z. 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