{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T13:47:43Z","timestamp":1787579263992,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD084497"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD084497"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infant Mental Health Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Research on families of young children with developmental delay and disruptive behavior problems has failed to examine caregiver stress in the context of cultural factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Families of 3\u2010year\u2010old children with developmental delay and behavior problems were recruited from Early Intervention sites. All caregivers in the current analysis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0147) were from immigrant and\/or cultural minority backgrounds. Regarding income\u2010to\u2010needs, most families (57.8%) fell into the extreme poverty, poor, or low\u2010income categories. Caregivers reported on their own experiences of acculturation and enculturation as well as their child's problems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Path analyses revealed that higher caregiver\n                      <jats:italic>acculturation<\/jats:italic>\n                      was associated with less parenting\u2010specific stress, and higher caregiver\n                      <jats:italic>enculturation<\/jats:italic>\n                      was associated with less caregiver general stress. Severity of child problems was associated with more parenting\u2010specific stress and general stress. Exploratory analysis yielded significant differences in associations between acculturation, enculturation, and caregiver stress in Black\/African American caregivers versus Hispanic White caregivers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings suggest that among cultural minority caregivers of young children with developmental and behavioral problems, acculturation\n                      <jats:italic>and<\/jats:italic>\n                      enculturation may influence caregiver stress. While the cross\u2010sectional nature of the study precludes causal conclusions, clinicians should consider how cultural factors can be harnessed to strengthen caregiver resiliency and improve engagement in parenting interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T23:32:59Z","timestamp":1620516779000},"page":"573-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Caregiver stress and cultural identity in families of preschoolers with developmental delay and behavioral problems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3354-8510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Conroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University  Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Frech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University  Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda L.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Penn Center for Mental Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary B.","family":"Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University  Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Bagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University  Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Comer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Children and Families Florida International University  Miami Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms & profiles","author":"Achenbach T. 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