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Studies on mother\u2013infant interactions have shown that vagal tone can be influenced by the quality of the interaction, such as interacting with a sensitive mother. To date, no study has investigated the influence of paternal sensitivity or family alliance on infants\u2019 vagal tone. We hypothesized that maternal sensitivity, paternal sensitivity, and family alliance would be associated with infants\u2019 vagal tone during dyadic and triadic interactions. We also explored if family alliance would act as a moderator on the association between parental sensitivity and vagal tone and if the sensitivity of both parents would act as a moderator on the association between family alliance and vagal tone. This study took place in Switzerland and included 82 families with their 3\u20134\u2010month\u2010old infants. Results showed that maternal sensitivity and family alliance were associated with infants\u2019 vagal tone, but paternal sensitivity was not. We found no significant moderation effect. However, result tendencies suggested that the contribution of paternal sensitivity to infants\u2019 emotion regulation could be influenced by family alliance, whereas maternal sensitivity and family alliance have a unique contribution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.22085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T18:10:22Z","timestamp":1692727822000},"page":"741-751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Parental sensitivity, family alliance and infants\u2019 vagal tone: Influences of early family interactions on physiological emotion regulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6530-1758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentine","family":"Rattaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2821-189X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Tissot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"},{"name":"Center for Family Studies Department of Psychiatry Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilo","family":"Puglisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Razurel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuella","family":"Epiney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Geneva Hospitals  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Favez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Infancy in Uganda: Infant care and the growth of love","author":"Ainsworth M. 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