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Therefore, elucidating the key mechanisms regulating villus development is of significant importance. This study compares intestinal development in Shaziling pigs and Yorkshire pigs, which exhibit distinct lipid metabolism characteristics, revealing significant enrichment of different fatty acid metabolic pathways and the peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway. LC\u2010MS metabolomics analysis further explores the potential correlation between changes in fatty acid metabolism and PPAR\u03b1 expression, identifying glycerophospholipid metabolism and its key metabolite oleoylethanolamide (OEA) as critical factors. Pharmacological interventions and genetic mouse models manipulating PPAR\u03b1 signaling demonstrate that OEA regulates stem cell activity and intestinal villus size via PPAR\u03b1, with this effect linked to energy metabolism driven by oxidative phosphorylation. 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