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Accumulation of excessive cholesterol is also believed to contribute to the early onset of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, cellular cholesterol homeostasis is tightly regulated by uptake, de novo synthesis, and efflux. Any surplus of cholesterol must either be stored in the cytosol in the form of esters or released from the cell. Recently, several ATP\u2010binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis by mediating cholesterol efflux. Mutations in ABC transporters are associated with several human diseases. In this review, we discuss the physiological roles of ABC transporters and the underlying mechanisms by which they mediate cholesterol translocation. \u00a9 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(6):505\u2013512, 2013<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,23]],"date-time":"2013-08-23T15:33:08Z","timestamp":1377271988000},"page":"505-512","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["ATP\u2010binding cassette transporters and cholesterol 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