{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T02:07:46Z","timestamp":1785895666700,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH)-King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology-the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-award number","award":["(11-BIO-2020-03)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(11-BIO-2020-03)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IUBMB Life"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neopterin has been considered as an important marker of cellular inflammation. The primary objective of the current study was to determine the role of neopterin in cardiovascular disease and its association with other well known cardiac markers. The study was composed of total 200 subjects (100 confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, 50 recently diagnosed, and 50 managed CAD patients) both men and women and 100 healthy control individuals of matching age and weight. Serum neopterin analysis was done using commercial available ELISA kits. Other cardiac markers viz. troponin, creatine kinase (CK), CK MB isoenzyme (CKMB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen, C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) estimation was done by standard routine biochemical methods. Neopterin level was found to be remarkably enhanced by 150% and 513% in the recently diagnosed and managed CAD patients, respectively. CK level also showed a significant rise by 62% in the managed patients. However, recently diagnosed patients did not show any significant change. Moreover, cross correlation study showed statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) change in neopterin and CK levels between recently and managed patients. In the other studied CAD markers such as CKMB, fibrinogen and LDH also showed a significant increase in both categories of patients. CRP level was also found to be significantly enhanced by 357% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and 341% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in recently diagnosed and managed patients respectively. Because of cost effectiveness, easy and quick analysis of neopterin in the serum sample, we propose neopterin as the prognostic as well as diagnostic biomarker of CAD before other markers could be tested especially in Saudi population. \u00a9 2015 IUBMB Life, 67(6):453\u2013459, 2015<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T14:15:36Z","timestamp":1434636936000},"page":"453-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Neopterin: An immune biomarker of coronary artery disease and its association with other <scp>CAD<\/scp> markers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Chelapram Kandy","family":"Firoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasimudeen R.","family":"Jabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Nabil","family":"Alama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazi A.","family":"Damanhouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waseem","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas S.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussein A.","family":"Almehdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shams","family":"Tabrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.243170"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00434-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612053507512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12285"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157016106777698379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.015826"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2810021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.3.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-5-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.2.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Novel Strategies in Ischemic Heart Disease","author":"Pant S.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04099.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.634089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.145342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-9-69"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"S158","article-title":"[fibrinogen. Cardiovascular risk factor or marker?]","volume":"76","author":"Canseco\u2010Avila L. M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol M\u00e9xo"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","unstructured":"BernsteinL.(2010) Lactate dehydrogenase.PathologyOutlines.com.http:\/\/www.pathologyoutlines.com\/topic\/chemistrycardiaclactatedehydrogenase.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeh148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.13.1813"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq238"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000053730.47739.3C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-1-200607040-00128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107477"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04141.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709789878247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80652-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.6.2493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12530"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.118844"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(91)90061-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Isoenzymes of CPK and LDH in myocardial infarction and certain other diseases","volume":"5","author":"Galen R. S","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pathobiol. Annu"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000156328.28485.AD"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","unstructured":"Tricoci P. andLeonardi S. (2013) Determining myocardial infarction after PCI: CK\u2010MB troponin both or neither? cardiosource.Org.http:\/\/www.mlo-online.com\/articles\/201501\/determining-myocardial-infarction-after-pci-ck-mb-troponin-both-or-neither.php"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"1350","article-title":"The measurement of serum fibrinogen levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Omran M. T","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Preoperative serum fibrinogen as a predictor of myocardial infarction in the surgical myocardial revascularization","volume":"87","author":"Jaeger C. P","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"673","article-title":"Fibrinogen as a risk factor for premature myocardial infarction in iranian patients: a case\u2013control study","volume":"5","author":"Shojaie M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008828"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2009.02077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","first-page":"893","article-title":"Can triggered arrhythmias arise from propagation of ca2+ waves between cardiac cells?","volume":"5","author":"Nahhas A. F","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Biosci. (Elite Edition)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","volume-title":"Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods","author":"Henry","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","volume-title":"Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry","author":"Burtis","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"C\u2010reactive protein in patients with acute myocardial infarction","author":"Auer J","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000079173.84669.4F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","first-page":"773","article-title":"C\u2010reactive protein predicts acute myocardial infarction during high\u2010risk noncardiac and vascular surgery","volume":"66","author":"Martins O. M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinics (S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(87)90645-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.11.2203","article-title":"Development of monoclonal antibodies for an assay of cardiac troponin\u2010I and preliminary results in suspected cases of myocardial infarction","volume":"38","author":"Bodor G. S","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/39.6.972","article-title":"Cardiac\u2010specific immunoenzymometric assay of troponin I in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"39","author":"Larue C","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"}],"container-title":["IUBMB Life"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fiub.1390","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fiub.1390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/iub.1390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T18:21:14Z","timestamp":1696357274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/iub.1390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/iub.1390"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iub.1390","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6543","1521-6551"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6543","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-6551","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}}}