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Disruption of autophagic flux has been shown to induce or facilitate neurodegeneration and accumulation of autophagic vesicles is overt in neurodegenerative diseases. The fruit fly <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> has been used as a model system to identify new factors that regulate physiology and disease. Here we provide a historical perspective of how the fly models have offered mechanistic evidence to understand the role of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Charcot\u2013Marie\u2013Tooth neuropathy, and polyglutamine disorders. Autophagy also plays a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and protecting organism health. The gastrointestinal tract regulates organism health by modulating food intake, energy balance, and immunity. Growing evidence is strengthening the link between autophagy and digestive tract health in recent years. Here, we also discuss how the fly models have advanced the understanding of digestive physiology regulated by autophagy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T13:56:36Z","timestamp":1638885396000},"page":"339-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Drosophila<\/i> as a model to study autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases and digestive tract"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Fei\u2010Yang","family":"Tzou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Physiology National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Kun","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica  Taipei 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