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The aim of the current study was to determine whether this analgesic response is induced by ultraviolet <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> radiation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content>), which evokes signs of peripheral sensitization, or by high\u2010frequency electrical stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content>), which triggers signs of central sensitization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning, sensitivity to heat and to blunt and sharp stimuli was assessed at and adjacent to the treated site in the forearm. In addition, sensitivity to blunt pressure was measured bilaterally in the forehead. The effect of ipsilateral versus contralateral temple cooling on electrically evoked pain in the forearm was then examined, to determine whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning altered inhibitory pain modulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning triggered signs of peripheral sensitization, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning triggered signs of central sensitization. Importantly, ipsilateral forehead analgesia developed after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content> but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning. In addition, decreases in electrically evoked pain at the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated site were greater during ipsilateral than contralateral temple cooling, whereas decreases at the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated site were similar during both procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning induced signs of central sensitization in the forearm and analgesia both in the ipsilateral forehead and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HFS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated site. This ipsilateral analgesia was not due to peripheral sensitization or other non\u2010specific effects, as it failed to develop after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UVB<\/jats:styled-content> conditioning. Thus, the supra\u2010spinal mechanisms that evoke central sensitization might also trigger a hemilateral inhibitory pain modulation process. 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