{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T07:40:06Z","timestamp":1714635606232},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emotions form an important component in the expression and manifestation of pain. This study tested whether emotionally loaded visual and gustatory conditioning stimuli could influence experimental jaw muscle pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010one healthy subjects participated in this study. In two sessions, experimental jaw muscle pain was evoked by injection of hypertonic saline (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>) into the masseter muscle. In the first session, jaw muscle pain was conditioned by positive, negative or neutral pictures. In the next session, jaw muscle pain was conditioned by sweet, bitter or tasteless gelatine in the mouth. The subjects continuously rated pain intensity as well as mood and unpleasantness\/pleasantness of the conditioning stimuli. As a control experiment, the same design was applied in eight subjects using painful thermal stimuli.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>evoked moderate levels of pain in all subjects. During conditioning with negatively loaded pictures,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010evoked pain was higher compared with neutral and positive pictures (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">p<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). There was a significant correlation between negative emotional scores linked to the pictures and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010evoked pain intensity (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">r<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.404,<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">p<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021). No effects on<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010evoked pain intensity were observed during positive pictures or during sweet or bitter gustatory stimuli. The latter may be due to failure of the gustatory stimuli to generate changes in emotional scores. No significant effects were observed on thermal pain sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that not all conditioning stimuli are potent modifiers of emotions, which seems to be a prerequisite for effects on muscle pain perception.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2012.00253.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T13:29:16Z","timestamp":1354282156000},"page":"811-819","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Differential effect of visual and gustatory stimuli on experimental jaw muscle pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Horjales\u2010Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), MindLab Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.B.","family":"Finnerup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), MindLab Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.S.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), MindLab Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), MindLab Aarhus University Hospital Denmark"},{"name":"Section of Clinical Oral Physiology Department of Dentistry Aarhus University Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Melzack and Wall's Texbook of Pain","author":"Craig K.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.3.356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"599","article-title":"Assessment of mechanisms in localized and widespread musculoskeletal pain. 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