{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T23:26:08Z","timestamp":1791069968102,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schizophrenia patients display impaired recognition of their own emotions and those of others and deficits in several domains of empathy. The first\u2010person experience of pain and observing others in pain normally trigger strong emotional mechanisms. We therefore hypothesized that schizophrenia patients would display impaired recognition and categorization of both their own pain and the pain of others.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 29 patients (18 men\/11 women; 36\u2009\u00b1\u200913 years old) with paranoid schizophrenia\u2010spectrum disorder and 27 healthy volunteers (20 men\/7 women; 31\u2009\u00b1\u20099 years old) matched for age, gender, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content> and socio\u2010cultural level. We assessed symptom severity and theory of mind. The participants' ability to detect and categorize pain in others was assessed with the sensitivity to expressions of pain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STEP<\/jats:styled-content>) test, which is based on facial expressions, and another dynamic test involving a series of video sequences showing various pain\u2010inducing events. The ability of patients to evaluate their own pain was assessed with the situational pain questionnaire (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPQ<\/jats:styled-content>), which includes a series of questions assessing how one would expect to feel in different imaginary situations. Empathic tendencies were assessed with the interpersonal reactivity index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients and controls differed significantly in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STEP<\/jats:styled-content>, pain video and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPQ<\/jats:styled-content> scores. By contrast with control subjects, the patients' pain judgements were not correlated with their affective or cognitive empathic capacities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schizophrenic patients have a deficit of the identification and categorization of pain both in themselves and in others.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00310.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,26]],"date-time":"2013-03-26T03:58:48Z","timestamp":1364270328000},"page":"1385-1392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Alteration of pain recognition in schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Wojakiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Clinique  Neuilly sur Marne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Januel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche 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