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These trials have involved large numbers of patients with at least moderate pain, and have used similar methods for recording pain intensity, over about 12 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the trials were pooled according to painful condition, and reanalysed at the level of the individual patient and using increasing levels of pain intensity reduction (&lt;15%, 15\u201329%, 30\u201349%, \u226550%), with different imputation methods on withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of patients recording at least 50% pain intensity reduction plateaued after 2\u20136 weeks in fibromyalgia, and 8\u201312 weeks in other conditions. The duloxetine\u2010specific benefit [number needed to treat (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNT<\/jats:styled-content>) for at least 50% pain intensity reduction] was fairly constant after about 2 weeks for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DPNP<\/jats:styled-content> and fibromyalgia and after about 4 or 5 weeks for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLBP<\/jats:styled-content>. In all conditions, responses were bimodal, with patients generally experiencing either very good or very poor pain relief. Last\u2010observation\u2010carried\u2010forward imputation produced numerically and occasionally statistically better (lower) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NNT<\/jats:styled-content>s than use of baseline\u2010observation\u2010carried\u2010forward (true response).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline\u2010observation\u2010carried\u2010forward (true response), which combines the success of high levels of pain relief with the failure to experience pain relief on withdrawal of the drug is conservative and probably reflective of clinical practice experience. The distribution of effect was not normal; few patients had the average response and averages are not an appropriate descriptor for these data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00341.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T12:40:10Z","timestamp":1370263210000},"page":"67-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Duloxetine use in chronic painful conditions \u2013 individual patient data responder analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"R.A.","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Research and Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics University of Oxford  UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Corporate Center Eli Lilly and Company  Indianapolis USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Skljarevski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Corporate Center Eli Lilly and Company  Indianapolis USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. 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