{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T20:51:57Z","timestamp":1776891117772,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,23]],"date-time":"2013-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>To investigate the role of the synthetic steroid tibolone in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA<\/jats:styled-content>) and in nociceptive behaviour in an experimental rat model ofOA<\/jats:styled-content>and ovariectomy (OVX<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010induced osteoporosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>OA<\/jats:styled-content>was induced in Wistar rats by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT<\/jats:styled-content>) of the right knee. Osteoporosis was induced by bilateralOVX<\/jats:styled-content>. Groups of animals were subjected toACLT<\/jats:styled-content>,OVX<\/jats:styled-content>, sham orOVX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009ACLT<\/jats:styled-content>. In addition, two groups were subjected toOVX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009ACLT<\/jats:styled-content>surgeries and were orally administered 0.1 or 0.5\u2009mg tibolone every other day for 14 consecutive weeks, starting 6 weeks after surgery. Nociceptive behaviours (secondary mechanical allodynia and weight\u2010bearing distribution of the hind paws) were analysed prior to and every 3 weeks after surgery up to 24 weeks. At 24 weeks, histopathological studies were performed on the cartilage and synovial membranes of the knee joints, and bone metabolism was assessed by measuring serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Rats undergoingACLT<\/jats:styled-content>orOVX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009ACLT<\/jats:styled-content>surgeries showed obviousOA<\/jats:styled-content>changes in the joints. Animals subjected toACLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009OVX<\/jats:styled-content>and treated with tibolone had significantly less cartilage degeneration and synovitis and showed improved nociceptive tests compared with animals undergoingACLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009OVX<\/jats:styled-content>surgeries alone.OVX<\/jats:styled-content>increased the severity of theACLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010inducedOA<\/jats:styled-content>changes. There was a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase in the tibolone\u2010treatedACLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009OVX<\/jats:styled-content>groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Treatment with tibolone attenuated the development ofOA<\/jats:styled-content>, concomitantly reduced nociception and increased serum alkaline phosphatase inACLT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009+\u2009OVX<\/jats:styled-content>rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00406.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,23]],"date-time":"2013-10-23T07:38:48Z","timestamp":1382513928000},"page":"680-690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effects of tibolone on osteoarthritis in ovariectomized rats: Association with nociceptive pain behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"P\u2010Y.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecoloy Changhua Christian 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