{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:42:57Z","timestamp":1789904577642,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with musculoskeletal pain syndrome including fibromyalgia (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) complain of chronic pain from deep tissues including muscles. Previous research suggests the relevance of impulse input from deep tissues for clinical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      pain. We hypothesized that blocking abnormal impulse input with intramuscular lidocaine would decrease primary and secondary hyperalgesia and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      patients' clinical pain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled 62 female patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      into a double\u2010blind controlled study of three groups who received 100 or 200\u2009mg of lidocaine or saline injections into both trapezius and gluteal muscles. Study variables included pressure and heat hyperalgesia as well as clinical pain. In addition, placebo factors like patients' anxiety and expectation for pain relief were used as predictors of analgesia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Primary mechanical hyperalgesia at the shoulders and buttocks decreased significantly more after lidocaine than saline injections (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). Similar results were obtained for secondary heat hyperalgesia at the arms (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). After muscle injections, clinical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      pain significantly declined by 38% but was not statistically different between lidocaine and saline conditions. Placebo\u2010related analgesic factors (e.g., patients' expectations of pain relief) accounted for 19.9% of the variance of clinical pain after the injections. Injection\u2010related anxiety did not significantly contribute to patient analgesia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These results suggest that muscle injections can reliably reduce clinical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      pain, and that peripheral impulse input is required for the maintenance of mechanical and heat hyperalgesia of patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Whereas the effects of muscle injections on hyperalgesia were greater for lidocaine than saline, the effects on clinical pain were similar for both injectates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00422.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T21:57:27Z","timestamp":1383688647000},"page":"803-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Analgesic and anti\u2010hyperalgesic effects of muscle injections with lidocaine or saline in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Staud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Florida  Gainesville USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.E.","family":"Weyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Florida  Gainesville 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