{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:51:22Z","timestamp":1761058282503},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,30]],"date-time":"2004-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3286,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Biomaterials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In research animals, the immune adjuvant activity of silicone in eliciting antibodies to associated protein antigens is now well established. In humans, the immune adjuvant activity of silicone remains controversial. Clusters of data from various research groups are beginning to define the boundary conditions for future large epidemiological studies. In that spirit, this manuscript reports pilot clinical data from a serological study conducted 3 years ago and reported previously in this journal. Sera from a self\u2010selected <jats:italic>symptomatic<\/jats:italic> population of patients with breast implants were assayed for elevated concentrations of antibodies showing binding avidity to silicone surface associated antigens [anti\u2010SSAA(x)]. In that study of 249 patients, two distinct statistically significant subgroups were identified on the basis of the serological assay alone: patients <jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic> any elevated anti\u2010SSAA(x) (negative) and patients <jats:italic>with<\/jats:italic> elevated anti\u2010SSAA(x) (positive) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In this study, a clinical <jats:italic>survey<\/jats:italic> returned by 226 of those patients was correlated with the previously acquired serological findings. The 11 most common clinical complaints reported by the 199 anti\u2010SSAA(x) negative patients and by the 27 anti\u2010SSAA(x) positive were compared and their frequencies analyzed. The 199 anti\u2010SSAA(x) negative patients, as a group, showed a lower frequency of a variety of signs and symptoms compared to the 27 anti\u2010SSAA(x) positive patients. Statistically significant differences were seen in three of the symptoms: fever, foot pain, and sleep disturbance (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). In addition, the syndrome of fever in the absence of local chest pain was a significantly associated with anti\u2010SSAA(x) positivity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). \u00a9 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jab.770060302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,28]],"date-time":"2005-05-28T01:47:19Z","timestamp":1117244839000},"page":"153-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Self\u2010reported signs and symptoms in breast implant patients with novel antibodies to silicone surface associated antigens [anti\u2010SSAA(x)]"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nir","family":"Kossovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Gornbein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Zeidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Stassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Papasian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kahn","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Rajguru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198607000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198602000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Is silicone associated with connective tissue disease?","volume":"78","author":"Seleznick M. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Florida Med. Assoc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(05)80032-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"S117","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of 100 consecutive women with silicone breast implants","volume":"36","author":"Borenstein D.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"S117","article-title":"Clinical and serologic features of 176 women with silicone implants. Evidence for a novel disease","volume":"36","author":"Solomon G.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"S71","article-title":"Laboratory evaluation of rheumatologic patients with silicone gel implants","volume":"36","author":"Osborn T. G.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-12-199306150-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92491-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90105-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.153.23.2638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"Silicone gel filled breast implants and connective tissue disease: an overview","volume":"21","author":"Spiera R. F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"427","article-title":"The silicone gel breast implant controversy: current status and clinical implications","volume":"90","author":"Atwood H. D.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Arkansas Med. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"52","article-title":"Controversy over the silicone gel breast implant: current status and clinical implications","volume":"89","author":"Rohrich R. J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Texas Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Autoimmune disease and silicone breast implants","volume":"7","author":"Hirmand H.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2302\/kjm.43.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90106-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90107-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90109-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90110-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90102-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406163302401"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199212000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.270.21.2602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199206183262511"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198810000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199205000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","unstructured":"Hochberg M. C.;White B.;Medsger T. A.;Wigley F. H.The association of augmentation mammoplasty with systemic sclerosis: preliminary results from a case\u2010control study. Presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Rheumatology San Antonio TX November1993."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V32.2.205.205","article-title":"Anti gamma globulin antibodies after open heart surgery","volume":"32","author":"Pretty H. M.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","unstructured":"Stern I. J.;Kapsalis A. A.;Neil B. L.Immunogenic effects of materials on plasma proteins. Proc. Artif. Heart Prog. Conf. Hegyeli R. J. ed. National Institute of Health;1969:259\u2013267."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","volume-title":"Immunological enhancing activities of organosilicon compounds and non\u2010functional fluids","author":"Boley W. F.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/238151a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139309063397"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","article-title":"Inflammatory intermediates produced by tissues encasing silicone breast prostheses","author":"Mena E. A.","journal-title":"J. Invest. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","volume-title":"Action of polydimethylsilioxanes on the reticuloendothelial system of mice: basic cellular interactions and structure\u2010activity relationships","author":"Lake R. S.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","unstructured":"Kossovsky N.;Gelman A.;Hnatyszyn H. J.; et al. Adjuvant effect of silicone on the formation of antibodies in the rabbit."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(94)90108-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jab.770040402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Interaction of the blood with natural and artificial surfaces","author":"Brash J. L.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ba-1982-0199.ch017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8610-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/101.5.616"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/101.4.471","article-title":"Incidence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significanceu Am","volume":"101","author":"Stern J. J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","first-page":"18","article-title":"Humoral autoimmunity in systemic rheumatic disease","volume":"24","author":"Bernstein R. A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"A review. J. Roy. Coll. Physicians (London)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0307-742X(21)00606-8","article-title":"Anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies","volume":"11","author":"Harris E. N.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(72)90064-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Diversity of autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis","volume":"55","author":"Bernstein R. M.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90148-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/304177a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90740-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1993.1031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","unstructured":"Tennenbaum S. A.;Cuellar M. L.;Citera G.;Silveira L. H.;Garry R. F.;Espinoza L. R.Presented at the annual meeting of the American College of Rheumatology San Antonio TX November1993."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_3","first-page":"S118","volume":"36","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.7.13.8405812","article-title":"Human immune response to polydimethylsiloxane (silicone)Screening studies in a breast implant population","volume":"7","author":"Wolf L. E.","year":"1993","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01528a027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","unstructured":"Falb R. D.;Grode G. A.;Takhashi M. T.;Leininger R. I.NIH Contract PH\u201043\u201064\u2010496 Development of blood compatible polymeric materials. Report of 30 March1967."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.1991.9756659"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb33044.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(88)90402-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_2","first-page":"686","article-title":"Silicone breast implant pathology: clinical data and immunologic consequences","volume":"118","author":"Kossovsky N.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjab.770060302","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jab.770060302","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:06:13Z","timestamp":1698278773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jab.770060302"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jab.770060302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jab.770060302","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-4861","1549-9316"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-4861","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-9316","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}}}