{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:22:29Z","timestamp":1793125349296,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to develop a new measure of victimization and perpetration of two frequent forms of image\u2010based sexual abuse, namely\u00a0sextortion (i.e., the threat of distributing sexual images to pressure the victim into doing something) and nonconsensual sexting (i.e., distributing sexual images of someone without the consent of the victim). Additional aims were to analyze the prevalence of these forms of victimization and perpetration and to examine their temporal stability over a 1\u2010year period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sample was made up of 1820 Spanish adolescents (mean age\u2009=\u200913.38, SD\u2009=\u20091.42; 929 girls, 878 boys, 3 nonbinary, and 10 did not indicate gender) who completed self\u2010report instruments on image\u2010based sexual abuse and related variables (e.g., cyberbullying victimization).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Confirmatory factor analysis supported a structure composed of the four hypothesized factors: sextortion victimization and perpetration, and nonconsensual sexting victimization and perpetration. Higher sexting, cyberbullying victimization, and symptoms of depression and anxiety had stronger associations with image\u2010based sexual victimization than with perpetration, which showed evidence of concurrent validity. Prevalence was 2.6% and 0.7% for sextortion victimization and perpetration, respectively, and 3.4% and 4.9% for nonconsensual sexting victimization and perpetration, respectively. Temporal stability over 1 year was .26 for sextortion victimization, .19 for nonconsensual sexting victimization, .33 for nonconsensual sexting perpetration (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      s\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and nonsignificant for sextortion perpetration. The stability of nonconsensual sexting victimization was significantly higher for girls compared to boys, whereas nonconsensual sexting perpetration was more stable over 1 year for boys.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future studies must advance the analysis of the predictors and consequences of image\u2010based sexual abuse among adolescents to better prevent this problem. Prevalence of sextortion and nonconsensual sexting is not negligible, and these problems should be particularly addressed in prevention programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.12064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T02:24:30Z","timestamp":1655691870000},"page":"789-799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Assessing image\u2010based sexual abuse: Measurement, prevalence, and temporal stability of sextortion and nonconsensual sexting (\u201crevenge porn\u201d) among adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1575-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"G\u00e1mez\u2010Guadix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Health Psychology Department Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estibaliz","family":"Mateos\u2010P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Psychology and Methodology of Behavior Science University of Basque Country  Leioa Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Wachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences University of Potsdam  Potsdam Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Child Study Center Pennsylvania State University  State College Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jone","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Health Psychology Department Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"\u00cdncera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Health Psychology Department Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2005.00191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH19201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2017.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Bentler P. 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