{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:39:38Z","timestamp":1792409978401,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OOP\u2010110788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OOP\u2010110788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114875"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["148562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["148562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["149092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["149092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["159693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["159693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1617\u2010HQ\u201000001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1617\u2010HQ\u201000001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objectives of this study were to examine: (1) the cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal associations between social media (SM) time and mental health outcomes among a large sample of Canadian adolescents (ages 12\u201318) and (2) if associations are moderated by gender.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol, Smoking, and Sedentary behaviour (COMPASS) study were used to conduct two cross\u2010sectional analyses (2021\/2022:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200958,289; 2022\/2023:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200944,777) and a linked longitudinal analysis (2021\/2022 to 2022\/2023:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200926,743). The exposure variable was time spent browsing\/scrolling SM (cross\u2010sectionally), and the change in SM time from baseline to follow\u2010up (longitudinally). The outcome variables were anxiety, depression, flourishing, personal relationships, and emotional regulation (measured at follow\u2010up in longitudinal models). The moderator variable was gender, categorized into cisgender girls, cisgender boys, and transgender\/gender\u2010diverse adolescents. Multilevel linear modeling was conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An additional hour\/day of SM (cross\u2010sectionally) and one additional hour\/day of SM from baseline to follow\u2010up (longitudinally) was significantly associated with increased depression and anxiety symptoms, decreased flourishing, and poorer personal relationships and emotional regulation at follow\u2010up. Gender was a significant moderator of SM time and mental health outcome associations cross\u2010sectionally, but gender did not moderate change in SM time and mental health outcome associations longitudinally. Cisgender girls experienced significantly larger negative associations between SM time and mental health outcomes in comparison to cisgender boys and transgender\/gender\u2010diverse adolescents cross\u2010sectionally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among Canadian adolescents, SM time was associated with poorer mental health outcomes both cross\u2010sectionally and over 1 year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T05:11:16Z","timestamp":1775625076000},"page":"1396-1408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Cross\u2010Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Social Media and Mental Health Among a Large Sample of Adolescents, Inclusive of Transgender\/Gender\u2010Diverse Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1087-3549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madelyn","family":"Curle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott T.","family":"Leatherdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen A.","family":"Patte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Goldfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute Ontario Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0979-3233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sciences University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Turcotte\u2010Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Laval University Quebec City Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3009-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajopa.v1i0.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.08.193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Banerjee S.2023. \u201cQuebec Students Forbidden From Using Cellphones in Classrooms After Winter Break.\u201dCBC 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