{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T21:18:24Z","timestamp":1783459104131,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reactive aggression, characterized by defensive behaviors in response to perceived threats, significantly impacts adolescent social functioning and mental health. Risk decision\u2010making represents a key mechanism underlying reactive aggression, yet its temporal cognitive neural processes remain poorly understood in typically developing adolescent populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross\u2010sectional study examined 84 Chinese college students (age 17\u201019 years,\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918.08, SD\u2009=\u20090.59; 42 males, 42 females) recruited from Henan Province in 2024. Participants were divided into High Reactive Aggression (HRA) (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200942) and Low Reactive Aggression (LRA) (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200942) groups based on Buss\u2010Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Reactive\u2010Proactive Aggression Questionnaire scores. Risk decision\u2010making was assessed using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task while recording event\u2010related potentials with 64\u2010channel EEG. Statistical analyses examined behavioral performance and ERP components (P1, N1, P3) during decision\u2010making and feedback phases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Behaviorally, the HRA group showed significantly higher self\u2010reported risk preference (RPI) but comparable BART performance to the LRA group. Electrophysiologically, HRA adolescents exhibited enhanced P1 amplitude (reflecting excessive early attention allocation), reduced N1 amplitude (indicating deficient information screening), and decreased P3 amplitude to negative feedback (suggesting blunted allocation of cognitive resources and outcome evaluation). No group differences emerged for positive feedback P3 responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescents with high reactive aggression showed a distinct pattern of neural processing during risk decision\u2010making, characterized by enhanced early attentional allocation and reduced cognitive resource allocation during outcome evaluation. These findings suggest altered temporal dynamics of attention and feedback processing despite comparable behavioral performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.70167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T07:35:28Z","timestamp":1776929728000},"page":"1621-1631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Characteristics and Cognitive Neural Correlates of Risk Decision\u2010Making in Adolescents With High Reactive Aggression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4002-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Henan Medical University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Henan Medical University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-817X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yajing","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Henan Medical University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4576-4878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lijun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Henan Medical University Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006\u20103223(98)00335\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2015.0088"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022\u20103514.63.3.452"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16719\/j.cnki.1671\u20106981.2012.01.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3724\/sp.J.1042.2022.01377"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad\u2010220890"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022\u20103514.53.6.1146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578\u2010024\u201001763\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010012\u20100102\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tp\u201021\u2010594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010017\u20100555\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20109280.2006.01702.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2009.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.3.781"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096\u20103445.126.1.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12040447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17583\/IJEP.2017.2515"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201060795\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2015.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/1076\u2010898x.8.2.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsab022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to The Event\u2010Related Potential Technique","author":"Luck S. 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