{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:53:52Z","timestamp":1791190432115,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Adolescence"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conceptualizing pro\u2010environmental behavior (PEB) as solidarity with planet Earth and as a socio\u2010ecological dilemma, it is argued that PEB results when humans prioritize positive long\u2010term consequences for the entire planet over positive short\u2010term individual gains. Therefore, it was tested whether four socio\u2010cognitive competencies taken from the model of helping behavior predict PEB and whether these associations differ between adolescents and young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 164 adolescents (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916.14,\n                      <jats:italic>SD\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.98) and 156 young adults (\n                      <jats:italic>M\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u200921.89,\n                      <jats:italic>SD\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20092.13) participated. PEB was measured with a newly developed scale, while the four socio\u2010cognitive competencies (1) noticing climate change, (2) interpreting climate change as emergency, (3) feeling personally responsible to act, and (4) knowing what to do were operationalized with single items or short scales. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), independent\n                      <jats:italic>t\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                      Tests, latent mean comparisons, and multiple group structural equation models (SEM) were performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young adults showed higher levels of PEB compared to adolescents. The model of helping behavior explained 58% of the variance in the whole sample and 60% versus 49% of the variance among adolescents versus young adults. Among adolescents, noticing climate change and knowing what to do against climate change were significant predictors of PEB, while among young adults, all four socio\u2010cognitive competencies were significantly associated with PEB. Comparisons of simple slope differences revealed that knowing what to do was a stronger predictor for adolescents compared to young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PEB is indeed helping behavior in the ecological domain. Educational approaches focussing on knowledge how to protect the climate could be most beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.70288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:21:29Z","timestamp":1791188489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Solidarity With Planet Earth: Predictors of Pro\u2010Environmental Behavior Among Adolescents and Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1479-6674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmar","family":"Strohmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria Linz Austria"},{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment and Behavioral Research in Education University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1884-3124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas Eric","family":"Neef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9645-2586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siegmar","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.107.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21071\/psye.v14i3.15113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2019.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su16135383"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"Sustainable Service Management. 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