{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T16:47:03Z","timestamp":1747154823579},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,30]],"date-time":"2010-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Econometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this paper we develop likelihood\u2010based methods for statistical inference in a joint system of equations for the choice of length of schooling and earnings. The model for schooling choice is assumed to be an ordered probit model, whereas the earnings equation contains variables that are flexible transformations of schooling and experience, with corresponding coefficients that are allowed to be heterogeneous across individuals. Under the assumption that the distribution of the random terms of the model can be expressed as a finite mixture of multinormal distributions, we show that the joint probability distribution for schooling and earnings can be expressed on closed form. In an application of our method on Norwegian data, we find that the mixed Gaussian model offers a substantial improvement in fit to the (heavy\u2010tailed) empirical distribution of log\u2010earnings compared to a multinormal benchmark model. Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.1172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,6]],"date-time":"2010-07-06T16:59:23Z","timestamp":1278435563000},"page":"613-640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Estimating the returns to schooling: a likelihood approach based on normal mixtures"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"John K.","family":"Dagsvik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torbj\u00d8rn","family":"H\u00c6geland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvid","family":"Raknerud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1996.10476902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2007.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0262.00365"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BelzilC HansenJ.2002b.A structural analysis of the correlated random coefficient wage regression model. IZA Discussion Paper 512.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.319964"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2006.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/250010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Aspects of Labour Market Behaviour: Essays in Honour of John Vanderkamp","author":"Card D","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0262.00237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-2354.t01-1-00074"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1910996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1913285"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9442.00173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1912352"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1974.10482952","article-title":"Empirical evidence on the functional form of the earnings\u2013schooling relationship","volume":"69","author":"Heckman JJ","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HeckmanJJ LochnerLJ ToddPE.2008.Earnings functions and rates of return. NBER Working paper 13780.","DOI":"10.3386\/w13780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0262.2005.00594.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"KeaneMP.2005.Structural vs. atheoretic approaches to econometrics keynote address. InDuke Conference on Structural Models in Labor Aging and Health 17\u201319 September 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/262080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1765(98)00110-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/260821"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1765(02)00318-X"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Econometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjae.1172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jae.1172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T18:32:31Z","timestamp":1696876351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jae.1172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,19]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jae.1172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jae.1172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-7252","1099-1255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-7252","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1255","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,19]]}}}