{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T01:59:59Z","timestamp":1772762399030,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]],"date-time":"2017-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Econometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>We contest Jaeger and Paserman's claim (Jaeger and Paserman , 2008. The cycle of violence? An empirical analysis of fatalities in the Palestinian\u2013Israeli conflict. <jats:italic>American Economic Review<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>98<\/jats:bold>(4): 1591\u20131604) that Palestinians did not react to Israeli aggression during Intifada 2. We address the differences between the two sides in terms of the timing and intensity of violence, estimate nonlinear vector autoregression models that are suitable when the linear vector autoregression innovations are not normally distributed, identify causal effects rather than Granger causality using the principle of weak exogeneity, and introduce the \u201ckill\u2010ratio\u201d as a concept for testing hypotheses about the cycle of violence. The Israelis killed 1.28 Palestinians for every killed Israeli, whereas the Palestinians killed only 0.09 Israelis for every killed Palestinian.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.2563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,7]],"date-time":"2017-02-07T02:27:09Z","timestamp":1486434429000},"page":"1197-1205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The cycle of violence in the Second Intifada: Causality in nonlinear vector autoregressive models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Asali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University  Tbilisi 0108 Georgia"},{"name":"IZA  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aamer S.","family":"Abu\u2010Qarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Beer\u2010Sheva 84105 Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Beenstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem 91905 Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Econometric theory and methods","author":"Davidson R.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016378108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2681684"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2007.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012115107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/0198283164.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.98.4.1591"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1403192"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.601"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"The strategy of conflict","author":"Schelling T. C.","year":"1960"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Econometrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjae.2563","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jae.2563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T00:17:46Z","timestamp":1693700266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jae.2563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jae.2563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jae.2563","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-7252","1099-1255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-7252","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1255","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]]}}}