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Across several Kenyan datasets, we find that attacks suppress school enrolment more than predicted by difference\u2010in\u2010differences\u2010type estimators. This indicates that terrorists target areas experiencing unobserved, positive shocks. Evidence suggests fears and concerns as mechanisms of impact, rather than educational supply.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.3058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T11:28:34Z","timestamp":1715254114000},"page":"906-925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Terrorism and education: Evidence from instrumental variables estimators"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Alfano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics Lancaster University  Lancaster UK"},{"name":"CReAM UCL  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph\u2010Simon","family":"G\u00f6rlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics Bocconi University  Milan Italy"},{"name":"BIDSA, CEPR, CReAM, IGIER, IZA and LEAP  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/000282806777211847"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/000282803321455188"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17531055.2015.1082254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055408080167"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/mac.6.4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20150774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2008.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2018.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2018.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002709355437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest_a_00788"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2017.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jeea\/jvy051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecoj.12236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-economics-080614-115430"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabral M. 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