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These could be exploited to provide consistent estimators of the parameters associated with the risk term. Specifically, it was recommended that an IV estimator should be applied, with instruments constructed from the information set. Four existing methods commonly used to estimate models with risk terms are examined, and applications of the techniques are made to the estimation of the risk term in the $US\/$C exchange market, and the effects of price uncertainty upon production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.3950030202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,12]],"date-time":"2007-07-12T14:08:44Z","timestamp":1184249324000},"page":"87-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":216,"title":["The econometric analysis of models with risk terms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Adrian","family":"Pagan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1983.10478031","article-title":"Uniform consistency of kernel estimators of a regression function under generalized conditions","volume":"78","author":"Bierens H.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Advances in Economic Theory: Fifth World Congress of the Econometric Society","author":"Bierens H","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176345987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1765(85)90130-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"595","article-title":"Differential inflationary expectations and the variability of the rate of inflation: theories and evidence","volume":"69","author":"Cukierman A.","year":"1979","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1996(85)90018-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1912773"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1992480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1913236"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1913242"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1882935"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-405X(87)90026-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Macroeconomics","author":"Gordon R. 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