{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:03:54Z","timestamp":1790633034908,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]],"date-time":"2007-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Econometrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This paper seeks to empirically extend the\n                    <jats:italic>gravity model<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which has been widely used to analyze volumes of trade between pairs of countries. We generalize the basic threshold tobit model by allowing for the inclusion of country\u2010specific effects into the analysis and also show how one can explore the relationship between trade volumes and a given covariate via a non\u2010parametric approach. We use our derived methodology to investigate the impact of a particular aspect of institutions\u2014the enforcement of contracts\u2014on bilateral trade. We find that contract enforcement matters in predicting trade volumes for all types of goods, that it matters most for the trade of differentiated goods, and that the relationship between contract enforcement and trade in our threshold tobit exhibits some nonlinearities. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]],"date-time":"2007-06-06T23:37:16Z","timestamp":1181173036000},"page":"817-838","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Bayesian inference for the gravity model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Priya","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin L.","family":"Tobias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003465302317411587"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/000282803321455214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/0022051042177649"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(92)90030-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jjie.1994.1025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471744735"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2003.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Modern Bayesian Econometrics.","author":"Lancaster T","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"615","article-title":"National borders matter: Canada\u2013US regional trade patterns","volume":"85","author":"McCallum J","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511808678"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","volume-title":"Intermediate Statistics and Econometrics: A Comparative Approach","author":"Poirier DJ","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"RanjanP LeeJ.2003.Contract enforcement and the volume of international trade in different types of goods. 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